CVE-2025-14178 - CVE House
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Status published Medium CVE-2025-14178

Heap buffer overflow in array_merge()

Vulnerability Description

In PHP versions:8.1.* before 8.1.34, 8.2.* before 8.2.30, 8.3.* before 8.3.29, 8.4.* before 8.4.16, 8.5.* before 8.5.1, a heap buffer overflow occurs in array_merge() when the total element count of packed arrays exceeds 32-bit limits or HT_MAX_SIZE, due to an integer overflow in the precomputation of element counts using zend_hash_num_elements(). This may lead to memory corruption or crashes and affect the integrity and availability of the target server.

Impact Analysis

Refer to official advisory for detailed impact metrics.

Remediation

Ensure systems are updated to the latest vendor-supplied patch levels.

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Credits & Attribution

The following person or organization is credited with identifying this vulnerability, as recorded in the NVD database:

  • Niels Dossche

References

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Affected Vendor

Affected Software

PHP
Vulnerable Versions:
8.1.*, 8.2.*, 8.3.*, 8.4.*, 8.5.*

Timeline

Official Publish: December 27th, 2025
Last Modified: January 24th, 2026
Added to House: July 22nd, 2026

CVSS Vectors

V3: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-787 CWE-190

MITRE ATT&CK TTPs

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application
Initial Access
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
Privilege Escalation
T1055 Process Injection
Defense Evasion
T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer
Command and Control
T1485 Data Destruction
Impact
T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service
Impact