CVE-2025-12044 - CVE House
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Status published High CVE-2025-12044

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Vulnerability Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

Impact Analysis

Refer to official advisory for detailed impact metrics.

Remediation

Ensure systems are updated to the latest vendor-supplied patch levels.

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Credits & Attribution

No credits recorded in the NVD database.

References

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Affected Vendor

Affected Software

Vault, Vault Enterprise
Vulnerable Versions:
1.20.3, 1.19.9, 1.18.14, 1.16.25

Timeline

Official Publish: October 23rd, 2025
Last Modified: October 23rd, 2025
Added to House: July 22nd, 2026

CVSS Vectors

V3: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-770

MITRE ATT&CK TTPs

T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service
Impact
T1498 Network Denial of Service
Impact
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application
Initial Access
T1562 Impair Defenses
Defense Evasion
T1046 Network Service Discovery
Discovery