CVE-2025-11411 - CVE House
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Status published Medium CVE-2025-11411

Possible domain hijacking via promiscuous records in the authority section

Vulnerability Description

NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect.

Impact Analysis

Refer to official advisory for detailed impact metrics.

Remediation

Ensure systems are updated to the latest vendor-supplied patch levels.

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Credits & Attribution

The following person or organization is credited with identifying this vulnerability, as recorded in the NVD database:

  • Yuxiao Wu (Tsinghua University)
  • Yunyi Zhang (Tsinghua University)
  • Baojun Liu (Tsinghua University)
  • Haixin Duan (Tsinghua University)
  • TaoFei Guo (Peking University)
  • Yang Luo (Tsinghua University)
  • JianJun Chen (Tsinghua University)

References

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Affected Vendor

Affected Software

Unbound
Vulnerable Versions:
0

Timeline

Official Publish: October 22nd, 2025
Last Modified: December 5th, 2025
Added to House: July 22nd, 2026

CVSS Vectors

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-349

MITRE ATT&CK TTPs

No associated TTPs found for this vulnerability.