Cacti SQL Injection vulnerability in lib/api_automation.php caused by reading dirty data stored in database

Vulnerability Description

Cacti provides an operational monitoring and fault management framework. Prior to version 1.2.27, some of the data stored in `automation_tree_rules.php` is not thoroughly checked and is used to concatenate the SQL statement in `create_all_header_nodes()` function from `lib/api_automation.php` , finally resulting in SQL injection. Using SQL based secondary injection technology, attackers can modify the contents of the Cacti database, and based on the modified content, it may be possible to achieve further impact, such as arbitrary file reading, and even remote code execution through arbitrary file writing. Version 1.2.27 contains a patch for the issue.

References

• https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-gj3f-p326-gh8r
• https://github.com/Cacti/cacti/security/advisories/GHSA-cx8g-hvq8-p2rv
• https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RBEOAFKRARQHTDIYSL723XAFJ2Q6624X/